原文If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not. Writing is one of humanity’s later achievements, and until fairly recently even many literate (有文字的) societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things.
Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects, and some chapters of this book are able to do just that, but in many cases we simply can’t. The clearest example of this between literate and non-literate history is perhaps the first conflict, at Botany Bay, between Captain Cook’s voyage and the Australian Aboriginals. From the English side, we have scientific reports and the captain’s record of that terrible day. From the Australian side, we have only a wooden shield (盾) dropped by a man in flight after his first experience of gunshot. If we want to reconstruct what was actually going on that day, the shield must be questioned and interpreted as deeply and strictly as the written reports.
In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides, there are victories accidentally or deliberately twisted, especially when only the victors know how to write. Those who are on the losing side often have only their things to tell their stories. The Caribbean Taino, the Australian Aboriginals, the African people of Benin and the Incas, all of whom appear in this book, can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully through the objects they made: a history told through things gives them back a voice. When we consider contact (联系) between literate and non-literate societies such as these, all our first-hand accounts are necessarily twisted, only one half of a dialogue. If we are to find the other half of that conversation, we have to read not just the texts, but the objects. 32. What is the first paragraph mainly about? A. How past events should be presented. B. What humanity is concerned about. C. Whether facts speak louder than words. D. Why written language is reliable. 33. What does the author indicate by mentioning Captain Cook in paragraph 2? A. His report was scientific. B. He represented the local people. C. He ruled over Botany Bay. D. His record was one-sided. 34. What does the underlined word “conversation” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Problem. B. History. C. Voice. D. Society. 35. Which of the following books is the text most likely selected from? A. How Maps Tell Stories of the World B. A Short History of Australia C. A History of the World in 100 Objects D. How Art Works Tell Stories 译文如果你想讲述整个世界的历史，一部不赋予人类一部分特权的历史，你不能只通过文本来做到这一点，因为世界上只有一部分人曾经有文本，而世界上大多数人，在大多数时间里，都没有。写作是人类后来的成就之一，直到最近，甚至许多有文字的社会不仅以书面形式，而且以实物形式记录他们的关注。 理想情况下，历史会把文本和对象结合起来，本书的一些章节能够做到这一点，但在很多情况下，我们根本做不到。在有文盲和无文盲的历史中，最明显的例子或许是库克船长与澳大利亚土著人在植物园湾的第一次冲突。从英国方面，我们有科学报告和船长关于那可怕一天的记录。从澳大利亚方面来看，我们只有一个木制的盾，这是一个人在飞行中第一次经历枪击后扔下的。如果我们想重建那天发生的实际情况，就必须像书面报告那样，对盾牌进行深入和严格的质疑和解释。 除了双方的误解问题外，还有一些胜利作品被意外地或故意地扭曲了，尤其是当只有胜利者才知道如何书写的时候。那些处于输家一方的人，往往只有他们的东西可以讲述他们的故事。加勒比泰诺人、澳大利亚土著人、贝宁的非洲人民和印加人，所有这些人都出现在本书中，他们现在可以通过他们制造的物品最有力地向我们讲述他们过去的成就:通过物品讲述的历史使他们重新发出声音。当我们考虑到有文化和无文化社会之间的联系时，我们所有的第一手资料都必然是扭曲的，只是对话的一半。如果我们要找到对话的另一半，我们不仅要阅读文本，还要阅读对象。 32.第一段主要讲的是什么？ A.应该如何陈述过去的事件B.人类关心的是什么 C.事实是否胜于雄辩 D.书面语言为何可靠 33.作者在第2段提到库克船长，说明了什么？ A.他的报告是科学的。B.他代表了当地人民。 C.他统治了植物园湾。D.他的记录是片面的。 34.第3段中下划线的"对话"一词指的是什么？ A.问题B.历史C.声音D.社会 35.下列哪一本书的文本最有可能选自？ A.地图是如何讲述世界故事的B.澳大利亚简史 C.《100件物品的世界史》D.艺术作品如何讲故事

1 段译 如果你想讲述整个世界的历史，一部不赋予人类一部分特权的历史，你不能只通过文本来做到这一点，因为世界上只有一部分人曾经有文本，而世界上大多数人，在大多数时间里，都没有。写作是人类后来的成就之一，直到最近，甚至许多有文字的社会不仅以书面形式，而且以实物形式记录他们的关注。

If you want to tell the history of the wholeadj.整个的 world, a history that does not privilegen.特权 one part of humanityn.人类, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not.句译 如果你想讲述整个世界的历史，一部不赋予人类一部分特权的历史，你不能只通过文本来做到这一点，因为世界上只有一部分人曾经有文本，而世界上大多数人，在大多数时间里，都没有。 Writing is one of humanity’s later achievementsn.成就, and until fairlyadv.相当地 recentlyadv.最近 even many literateadj.有文字的 societies recorded their concernsn.关心 not only in writing but in things.句译 写作是人类后来的成就之一，直到最近，甚至许多有文字的社会不仅以书面形式，而且以实物形式记录他们的关注。

2 段译 理想情况下，历史会把文本和对象结合起来，本书的一些章节能够做到这一点，但在很多情况下，我们根本做不到。在有文盲和无文盲的历史中，最明显的例子或许是库克船长与澳大利亚土著人在植物园湾的第一次冲突。从英国方面，我们有科学报告和船长关于那可怕一天的记录。从澳大利亚方面来看，我们只有一个木制的盾，这是一个人在飞行中第一次经历枪击后扔下的。如果我们想重建那天发生的实际情况，就必须像书面报告那样，对盾牌进行深入和严格的质疑和解释。

Ideallyadv.理想地 a history would bring together texts and objectsn.对象, and some chapters of this book are able to do just that, but in many cases we simply can’t.句译 理想情况下，历史会把文本和对象结合起来，本书的一些章节能够做到这一点，但在很多情况下，我们根本做不到。 The clearest example of this between literate and non-literate history is perhapsadv.也许 the first conflictn.冲突, at Botany Bay, between Captain Cook’s voyagen.航行 and the Australian Aboriginals.句译 在有文盲和无文盲的历史中，最明显的例子或许是库克船长与澳大利亚土著人在植物园湾的第一次冲突。 From the English side, we have scientific reports and the captain’s record of that terrible day.句译 从英国方面，我们有科学报告和船长关于那可怕一天的记录。 From the Australian side, we have only a wooden shieldn.盾 droppedv.落下 by a man in flight after his first experience of gunshot.句译 从澳大利亚方面来看，我们只有一个木制的盾，这是一个人在飞行中第一次经历枪击后扔下的。 If we want to reconstructv.重建 what was actually going on that day, the shield must be questioned and interpretedv.说明 as deeply and strictly as the written reports.句译 如果我们想重建那天发生的实际情况，就必须像书面报告那样，对盾牌进行深入和严格的质疑和解释。

3 段译 除了双方的误解问题外，还有一些胜利作品被意外地或故意地扭曲了，尤其是当只有胜利者才知道如何书写的时候。那些处于输家一方的人，往往只有他们的东西可以讲述他们的故事。加勒比泰诺人、澳大利亚土著人、贝宁的非洲人民和印加人，所有这些人都出现在本书中，他们现在可以通过他们制造的物品最有力地向我们讲述他们过去的成就:通过物品讲述的历史使他们重新发出声音。当我们考虑到有文化和无文化社会之间的联系时，我们所有的第一手资料都必然是扭曲的，只是对话的一半。如果我们要找到对话的另一半，我们不仅要阅读文本，还要阅读对象。

In addition to the problem of miscomprehensionn.误解 from both sides, there are victoriesn.胜利 accidentallyadv.意外地 or deliberatelyadv.故意 twisted, especially when only the victors know how to write.句译 除了双方的误解问题外，还有一些胜利作品被意外地或故意地扭曲了，尤其是当只有胜利者才知道如何书写的时候。 Those who are on the losing side often have only their things to tell their stories.句译 那些处于输家一方的人，往往只有他们的东西可以讲述他们的故事。 The Caribbean Taino, the Australian Aboriginals, the African people of Benin and the Incas, all of whom appear in this book, can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfullyadv.有力地 through the objects they made: a history told through things gives them back a voice.句译 加勒比泰诺人、澳大利亚土著人、贝宁的非洲人民和印加人，所有这些人都出现在本书中，他们现在可以通过他们制造的物品最有力地向我们讲述他们过去的成就:通过物品讲述的历史使他们重新发出声音。 When we consider contactn.联系 between literate and non-literate societies such as these, all our first-hand accountsn.账户 are necessarily twisted, only one half of a dialoguen.对话.句译 当我们考虑到有文化和无文化社会之间的联系时，我们所有的第一手资料都必然是扭曲的，只是对话的一半。 If we are to find the other half of that conversation, we have to read not just the texts, but the objects.句译 如果我们要找到对话的另一半，我们不仅要阅读文本，还要阅读对象。

32. What is the first paragraph mainly about?翻译 32.第一段主要讲的是什么？

A. How past events should be presented.翻译 应该如何陈述过去的事件

B. What humanity is concerned about.翻译 人类关心的是什么

C. Whether facts speak louder than words.翻译 事实是否胜于雄辩

D. Why written language is reliableadj.可信赖的.翻译 书面语言为何可靠

33. What does the author indicatev.表明 by mentioningv.提到 Captain Cook in paragraph 2?翻译 33.作者在第2段提到库克船长，说明了什么？

A. His report was scientific.翻译 他的报告是科学的。

B. He represented the local people.翻译 他代表了当地人民。

C. He ruledv.统治 over Botany Bay.翻译 他统治了植物园湾。

D. His record was one-sided.翻译 他的记录是片面的。

34. What does the underlined word “conversation” in paragraph 3 refer to?翻译 34.第3段中下划线的"对话"一词指的是什么？

A. Problem.翻译 问题

B. History.翻译 历史

C. Voice.翻译 声音

D. Society.翻译 社会

35. Which of the following books is the text most likely selected from?翻译 35.下列哪一本书的文本最有可能选自？

A. How Maps Tell Stories of the World翻译 地图是如何讲述世界故事的

B. A Short History of Australia翻译 澳大利亚简史

C. A History of the World in 100 Objects翻译 《100件物品的世界史》

D. How Art Works Tell Stories翻译 艺术作品如何讲故事

答案 32.A 33.D 34.B 35.C   温馨提示：选项可点击，红色为错误选项，绿色为正确选项