原文Goffin’s cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a “keyhole” in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose from. Inserting the correct “key” would let out the nut.
In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes. This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an “allocentric frame of reference”. In the experiment, Goffin’s cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone. Where trial-and-error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. This indicates that Goffin’s cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two-year-old babies.
The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues (线索), or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.
24. How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment? A. By following instructions. B. By using a tool. C. By turning the box around. D. By removing the lid. 25. Which task can human one-year-olds most likely complete according to the text? A. Using a key to unlock a door. B. Telling parrots from other birds. C. Putting a ball into a round hole. D. Grouping toys of different shapes. 26. What does the follow-up test aim to find out about the cockatoos? A. How far they are able to see. B. How they track moving objects. C. Whether they are smarter than monkeys. D. Whether they use a sense of touch in the test. 27. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. Cockatoos: Quick Error Checkers B. Cockatoos: Independent Learners C. Cockatoos: Clever Signal-Readers D. Cockatoos: Skillful Shape-Sorters
译文戈芬凤头鹦鹉是一种原产于澳大拉西亚的小型鹦鹉，已被证明与两岁的人类具有相似的形状识别能力。虽然不知道这些鸟在野外会使用工具，但事实证明，这些鸟在笼子里时很善于使用工具。在最近的一项实验中，凤头鹦鹉得到了一个盒子，盒子里有一个螺母。盒子的正面有一个几何形状的“钥匙孔”，给了凤头鹦鹉五个不同形状的“钥匙”供它们选择。插入正确的“钥匙”会使螺母松动。
在人类身上，婴儿从一岁左右就可以把圆形放在圆孔里，但他们还需要一年的时间才能用不太对称的形状做同样的事情。这种识别形状在适合之前需要朝特定方向转动的能力被称为“异中心参照系”。在实验中，戈芬的凤头鹦鹉能够在大多数情况下仅通过视觉识别来选择合适的工具。在反复试验的情况下，在类似的测试中，凤头鹦鹉比猴子做得更好。这表明，戈芬的凤头鹦鹉在太空中移动物体时，确实具有异中心参照系，类似于两岁的婴儿。
根据研究人员的说法，下一步是试图弄清楚凤头鹦鹉是否完全依赖视觉线索，或者在选择形状时也使用触觉。
24.在实验中，凤头鹦鹉是如何从盒子里得到坚果的？ A.按照说明进行。B.通过使用工具。 C.把盒子转过来。D.取下盖子。 25.根据文本，一岁的人类最有可能完成哪项任务？ A.用钥匙开门。B.区分鹦鹉和其他鸟类。 C.把球打进一个圆孔。D.将不同形状的玩具分组。 26.后续测试的目的是了解凤头鹦鹉的情况？ A.他们能看到多远。B.它们如何跟踪移动的对象。 C.它们是否比猴子聪明。D.他们是否在测试中使用触觉。 27.哪一个标题适合这篇文章？ A.凤头鹦鹉：快速错误检查 B.凤头鹦鹉：独立学习者 C.凤头鹦鹉：聪明的信号阅读器 D.凤头鹦鹉：巧妙的形状分类器

1 段译 戈芬凤头鹦鹉是一种原产于澳大拉西亚的小型鹦鹉，已被证明与两岁的人类具有相似的形状识别能力。虽然不知道这些鸟在野外会使用工具，但事实证明，这些鸟在笼子里时很善于使用工具。在最近的一项实验中，凤头鹦鹉得到了一个盒子，盒子里有一个螺母。盒子的正面有一个几何形状的“钥匙孔”，给了凤头鹦鹉五个不同形状的“钥匙”供它们选择。插入正确的“钥匙”会使螺母松动。

Goffin’s cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. 句译 戈芬凤头鹦鹉是一种原产于澳大拉西亚的小型鹦鹉，已被证明与两岁的人类具有相似的形状识别能力。Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage.句译 虽然不知道这些鸟在野外会使用工具，但事实证明，这些鸟在笼子里时很善于使用工具。 In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it.句译 在最近的一项实验中，凤头鹦鹉得到了一个盒子，盒子里有一个螺母。 The clear front of the box had a “keyhole” in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose from.句译 盒子的正面有一个几何形状的“钥匙孔”，给了凤头鹦鹉五个不同形状的“钥匙”供它们选择。 Inserting the correct “key” would let out the nut.句译 插入正确的“钥匙”会使螺母松动。

2 段译 在人类身上，婴儿从一岁左右就可以把圆形放在圆孔里，但他们还需要一年的时间才能用不太对称的形状做同样的事情。这种识别形状在适合之前需要朝特定方向转动的能力被称为“异中心参照系”。在实验中，戈芬的凤头鹦鹉能够在大多数情况下仅通过视觉识别来选择合适的工具。在反复试验的情况下，在类似的测试中，凤头鹦鹉比猴子做得更好。这表明，戈芬的凤头鹦鹉在太空中移动物体时，确实具有异中心参照系，类似于两岁的婴儿。

In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes. 句译 在人类身上，婴儿从一岁左右就可以把圆形放在圆孔里，但他们还需要一年的时间才能用不太对称的形状做同样的事情。This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an “allocentric frame of reference”. 句译 这种识别形状在适合之前需要朝特定方向转动的能力被称为“异中心参照系”。In the experiment, Goffin’s cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone.句译 在实验中，戈芬的凤头鹦鹉能够在大多数情况下仅通过视觉识别来选择合适的工具。 Where trial-and-error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests.句译 在反复试验的情况下，在类似的测试中，凤头鹦鹉比猴子做得更好。 This indicates that Goffin’s cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two-year-old babies.句译 这表明，戈芬的凤头鹦鹉在太空中移动物体时，确实具有异中心参照系，类似于两岁的婴儿。

3 段译 根据研究人员的说法，下一步是试图弄清楚凤头鹦鹉是否完全依赖视觉线索，或者在选择形状时也使用触觉。

The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues (线索), or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections. 句译 根据研究人员的说法，下一步是试图弄清楚凤头鹦鹉是否完全依赖视觉线索，或者在选择形状时也使用触觉。

24. How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment?翻译 24.在实验中，凤头鹦鹉是如何从盒子里得到坚果的？

A. By following instructions.翻译 按照说明进行。

B. By using a tool.翻译 通过使用工具。

C. By turning the box around.翻译 把盒子转过来。

D. By removing the lid.翻译 取下盖子。

25. Which task can human one-year-olds most likely complete according to the text?翻译 25.根据文本，一岁的人类最有可能完成哪项任务？

A. Using a key to unlock a door. 翻译 用钥匙开门。

B. Telling parrots from other birds.翻译 区分鹦鹉和其他鸟类。

C. Putting a ball into a round hole. 翻译 把球打进一个圆孔。

D. Grouping toys of different shapes.翻译 将不同形状的玩具分组。

26. What does the follow-up test aim to find out about the cockatoos?翻译 26.后续测试的目的是了解凤头鹦鹉的情况？

A. How far they are able to see. 翻译 他们能看到多远。

B. How they track moving objects.翻译 它们如何跟踪移动的对象。

C. Whether they are smarter than monkeys.翻译 它们是否比猴子聪明。

D. Whether they use a sense of touch in the test.翻译 他们是否在测试中使用触觉。

27. Which can be a suitable title for the text?翻译 27.哪一个标题适合这篇文章？

A. Cockatoos: Quick Error Checkers翻译 凤头鹦鹉：快速错误检查

B. Cockatoos: Independent Learners翻译 凤头鹦鹉：独立学习者

C. Cockatoos: Clever Signal-Readers翻译 凤头鹦鹉：聪明的信号阅读器

D. Cockatoos: Skillful Shape-Sorters翻译 凤头鹦鹉：巧妙的形状分类器

答案 24.B 25.C 26.D 27.D   温馨提示：选项可点击，红色为错误选项，绿色为正确选项