原文An Australian professor is developing a robot to monitor the health of grazing cattle, a development that could bring big changes to a profession that’s relied largely on a low-tech approach for decades but is facing a labor shortage. Salah Sukkarieh, a professor at the University of Sydney, sees robots as necessary given how cattlemen are aging. He is building a four-wheeled robot that will run on solar and electric power. It will use cameras and sensors to monitor the animals. A computer system will analyze the video to determine whether a cow is sick. Radio tags （标签）on the animals will measure temperature changes. The quality of grassland will be tracked by monitoring the shape，color and texture （质地） of grass. That way， cattlemen will know whether they need to move their cattle to another field for nutrition purposes. Machines have largely taken over planting, watering and harvesting crops such as com and wheat, but the monitoring of cattle has gone through fewer changes. For Texas cattleman Pete Bonds, it's increasingly difficult to find workers interested in watching cattle. But Bonds doesn't believe a robot is right for the job. Years of experience in the industry — and failed attempts to use technology — have convinced him that the best way to check cattle is with a man on a horse. Bonds, who bought his first cattle almost 50 years ago, still has each of his cowboys inspect 300 or 400 cattle daily and look for signs that an animal is getting sick. Other cattlemen see more promise in robots. Michael Kelsey Paris, vice president of the Oklahoma Cattlemen's Association, said a robot could be extremely useful given rising concerns about cattle theft. Cattle tend to be kept in remote places and their value has risen, making them appealing targets. 32.What is a problem with the cattle-raising industry? A. Soil pollution. B. Lack of workers. C. Aging machines. D. Low profitability. 33. What will Sukkarieh's robot be able to do? A.Monitor the quality of grass. B.Cure the diseased cattle. C.Move cattle to another field. D.Predict weather changes. 34.Why does Pete Bonds still hire cowboys to watch cattle? A. He wants to help them earn a living. B.He thinks men can do the job better. C. He is inexperienced in using robots. D.He enjoys the traditional way of life. 35.How may robots help with cattle watching according to Michael Kelsey? A.Increase the value of cattle. B. Bring down the cost of labor. C.Make the job more appealing. D.Keep cattle from being stolen. 译文一位澳大利亚教授正在开发一种监测放牧牛健康状况的机器人，这一发展可能会给这个几十年来主要依赖低技术方法但面临劳动力短缺的行业带来巨大变化。 悉尼大学教授Salah Sukkarieh认为，考虑到牛人的衰老，机器人是必要的。他正在建造一个四轮机器人，该机器人将依靠太阳能和电力运行。它将使用摄像头和传感器来监测这些动物。计算机系统将分析视频，以确定奶牛是否生病。动物身上的无线电标签将测量温度变化。将通过监测草的形状、颜色和质地来跟踪草原的质量。这样，养牛人就会知道是否需要将牛转移到另一块田地进行营养。 机器在很大程度上接管了玉米和小麦等作物的种植、浇水和收割，但对牛的监测变化较小。 对于得克萨斯州的牧场主皮特·邦兹来说，越来越难找到对放牛感兴趣的工人。但邦兹认为机器人不适合这份工作。多年的行业经验以及使用技术的失败尝试使他相信，检查牛的最好方法是让人骑在马上。邦兹在大约50年前买了他的第一头牛，现在他仍然让他的每个牛仔每天检查300或400头牛，寻找动物生病的迹象。 其他牧场主认为机器人更有前景。俄克拉荷马州Cattlemen协会副主席Michael Kelsey Paris表示，鉴于人们对偷牛的担忧日益加剧，机器人可能非常有用。牛往往被饲养在偏远的地方，它们的价值也有所上升，这使它们成为有吸引力的目标。 32.养牛业有什么问题？ A.土壤污染。B.缺少工人。C.老化的机器。D.盈利能力低。 33.Sukkarieh的机器人能做什么？ A.监测草的质量。B.治好病牛。 C.把牛移到另一块地里。D.预测天气变化。 34.为什么皮特·邦兹还雇牛仔放牛？ A.他想帮助他们谋生。B.他认为男人可以做得更好。 C.他在使用机器人方面缺乏经验。D.他喜欢传统的生活方式。 35.根据Michael Kelsey的说法，机器人如何帮助放牛？ A.提高牛的价值。B.降低劳动力成本。 C.让这份工作更有吸引力。D.防止牛被偷。

1 段译 随着年龄的增长，即使我们很健康，心脏处理氧气的效率也不如过去。大多数人的第一个迹象出现在50多岁或60出头。在不锻炼的人群中，这种变化可能会更早开始。

As we age, even if we’re healthy, the heart just isn’t as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be.句译 随着年龄的增长，即使我们很健康，心脏处理氧气的效率也不如过去。 In most people the first signs show up in their 50s or early 60s.句译 大多数人的第一个迹象出现在50多岁或60出头。 And among people who don’t exercise, the changes can start even sooner. 句译 在不锻炼的人群中，这种变化可能会更早开始。

2 段译 得克萨斯大学心脏病专家本·莱文博士说：“想想橡皮筋吧。一开始，它很灵活，但放在抽屉里20年后，它就会变得干燥，很容易断裂。”。这就是发生在心脏上的事情。幸运的是，对于那些中年人来说，Levine发现，即使你不是一个热情的锻炼者，现在锻炼身体也可能有助于改善你衰老的心脏。

“Think of a rubber band.句译 得克萨斯大学心脏病专家本·莱文博士说：“想想橡皮筋吧。 In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will become dry and easily broken,” says Dr. Ben Levine, a heart specialist at the University of Texas. 句译 一开始，它很灵活，但放在抽屉里20年后，它就会变得干燥，很容易断裂。”That’s what happens to the heart. 句译 这就是发生在心脏上的事情。Fortunately for those in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you haven’t been an enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart.句译 幸运的是，对于那些中年人来说，Levine发现，即使你不是一个热情的锻炼者，现在锻炼身体也可能有助于改善你衰老的心脏。

3 段译 Levine和他的研究团队选择了年龄在45岁至64岁之间的志愿者，他们不怎么运动，但在其他方面都很健康。参与者被随机分为两组。第一组参加了每周三次的非性运动——平衡训练和重量训练。第二组在教练的指导下每周进行四天或四天以上的高强度有氧运动。两年后，第二组患者的心脏健康状况显著改善。

Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy. 句译 Levine和他的研究团队选择了年龄在45岁至64岁之间的志愿者，他们不怎么运动，但在其他方面都很健康。Participants were randomly divided into two groups.句译 参与者被随机分为两组。 The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic (无氧) exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week. 句译 第一组参加了每周三次的非性运动——平衡训练和重量训练。The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week. 句译 第二组在教练的指导下每周进行四天或四天以上的高强度有氧运动。After two years, the second group saw remarkable improvements in heart health.句译 两年后，第二组患者的心脏健康状况显著改善。

4 段译 Levine说：“我们取下了这些50岁的心脏，并将时钟拨回了30或35岁的心脏。” “他们变得如此强壮和健康的原因是，他们的心脏现在可以更好地填充，并在运动中泵出更多的血液。”但他说，那些参加强度较小运动的人的心并没有改变。

“We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30-or 35-year-old hearts,” says Levine.句译 Levine说：“我们取下了这些50岁的心脏，并将时钟拨回了30或35岁的心脏。” “And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump (泵送) a lot more blood during exercise.” 句译 “他们变得如此强壮和健康的原因是，他们的心脏现在可以更好地填充，并在运动中泵出更多的血液。”But the hearts of those who participated in less intense exercise didn’t change, he says. 句译 但他说，那些参加强度较小运动的人的心并没有改变。

5 段译 Levine说：“如果你还没有开始锻炼，那么生活中开始锻炼的最佳时机是在中年晚期，那时心脏仍然有灵活性。”。“我们让健康的70岁老人参加了为期一年的运动训练计划，但他们什么都没发生。”

“The sweet spot in life to start exercising, if you haven’t already, is in late middle age when the heart still has flexibility,” Levine says. 句译 Levine说：“如果你还没有开始锻炼，那么生活中开始锻炼的最佳时机是在中年晚期，那时心脏仍然有灵活性。” “We put healthy 70-year-olds through a yearlong exercise training program, and nothing happened to them at all.”句译 “我们让健康的70岁老人参加了为期一年的运动训练计划，但他们什么都没发生。”

6 段译 美国心脏协会发言人妮卡·戈德堡博士说，莱文的发现是一个良好的开端。但这项研究规模较小，需要对更大的人群进行重复，以确定日常锻炼的哪些方面影响最大。

Dr. Nieca Goldberg, a spokeswoman for the American Heart Association, says Levine’s findings are a great start.句译 美国心脏协会发言人妮卡·戈德堡博士说，莱文的发现是一个良好的开端。 But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.句译 但这项研究规模较小，需要对更大的人群进行重复，以确定日常锻炼的哪些方面影响最大。

32. What does Levine want to explain by mentioning the rubber band?翻译 32.莱文提到橡皮筋想解释什么？

A. The right way of exercising. 翻译 A.正确的锻炼方式。

B. The causes of a heart attack.翻译 B.心脏病发作的原因。

C. The difficulty of keeping fit. 翻译 C.保持健康的困难。

D. The aging process of the heart.翻译 D.心脏的衰老过程。

33. In which aspect were the two groups different in terms of research design?翻译 33.在研究设计方面，这两个小组在哪个方面不同？

A. Diet plan. 翻译 A.饮食计划

B. Professional background.翻译 B.专业背景。

C. Exercise type. 翻译 C.运动类型

D. Previous physical condition.翻译 D.之前的身体状况。

34. What does Levine’s research find?翻译 34.莱文的研究发现了什么？

A. Middle-aged hearts get younger with aerobic exercise.翻译 A.有氧运动使中年人的心脏更年轻。

B. High-intensity exercise is more suitable for the young.翻译 B.高强度运动更适合年轻人。

C. It is never too late for people to start taking exercise.翻译 C.人们开始锻炼永远不会太迟。

D. The more exercise we do, the stronger our hearts get.翻译 D.我们做的运动越多，我们的心就越强壮。

35. What does Dr. Nieca Goldberg suggest?翻译 35.尼卡·戈德堡博士有什么建议？

A. Making use of the findings. 翻译 A.利用调查结果。

B. Interviewing the study participants.翻译 B.采访研究参与者。

C. Conducting further research. 翻译 C.进行进一步研究。

D. Clarifying the purpose of the study.翻译 D.明确研究目的。

答案 32.D 33.C 34.A 35.C   温馨提示：选项可点击，红色为错误选项，绿色为正确选项