原文When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list, fur probably didn’t cross your mind. But some ecologists and fashion (时装)enthusiasts are trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria(海狸鼠). Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have(showcased)nutria fur made into clothes in different styles. “It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free fur-unless you understand that the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year”, says Cree McCree, project director of Righteous Fur. Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters $5 a tail. Some of the fur ends up in the fashion shows like the one in Brooklyn last month. Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild. “The ecosystem down there can’t handle this non-native species(物种).It’s destroying the environment. It’s them or us.” says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field. The fur trade kept nutria check for decades，but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s，the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy. Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisiana. He says it’s not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it. Hunters bring in more than 300,000 nutria tails a year, so part of Mouton’s job these days is trying to promote fur. Then there’s Righteous Fur and its unusual fashion. Morgan says，”To give people a guilt-free option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on them-1 think that’s going to be a massive thing, at least here in New York.” Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally acceptable. She trying to come up with a label to attach to nutria fashions to show it is eco-friendly.318 28．What is the purpose of the fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn? A．To promote guilt-free fur. B．To expand the fashion market. C．To introduce a new brand. D．To celebrate a winter holiday. 29．Why are scientists concerned about nutria? A．Nutria damage the ecosystem seriously. B．Nutria are an endangered species. C．Nutria hurt local cat-sized animals. D．Nutria are illegally hunted. 30．What does the underlined word “collapsed” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Boomed. B．Became mature. C．Remained stable. D．Crashed. 31．What can we infer about wearing fur in New York according to Morgan? A．It’s formal. B．It’s risky. C．It’s harmful. D．It’s traditional.aadb 译文当你想知道该给度假清单上的环保主义者买什么时，你可能没有想到毛皮。但一些生态学家和时尚爱好者正试图夺回海狸鼠毛皮的市场。 在新奥尔良和布鲁克林举行的不寻常的时装秀（展示）了将海狸鼠毛皮制成不同风格的衣服。“除非你明白海狸鼠每年都在破坏大片湿地，否则谈论没有罪恶感的毛皮听起来很疯狂”，正义毛皮项目总监克里·麦克里说。 路易斯安那州的科学家们非常担心，他们决定付给猎人每尾5美元。一些毛皮最终出现在时装秀上，比如上个月在布鲁克林的那场。 Nutria是由毛皮养殖户从阿根廷带到那里并放归野外的。“那里的生态系统无法处理这种非本土物种。它正在破坏环境。”。是他们还是我们。”这一领域的专家Michael Massimi说。 毛皮贸易几十年来一直在控制海狸鼠，但当海狸鼠市场在20世纪80年代末崩溃时，猫大小的动物疯狂地繁殖。 生物学家埃德蒙德·穆顿负责路易斯安那州的营养控制项目。他说，要让人们相信海狸鼠的皮毛是绿色的并不容易，但他对此毫不怀疑。猎人每年会带来30多万条海狸鼠尾巴，所以穆顿现在的部分工作是推广皮毛。 然后是正义毛皮及其不同寻常的时尚。Morgan说：“给人们一个没有罪恶感的选择，让他们可以在没有人泼油漆的情况下穿着，我认为这将是一件大事，至少在纽约是这样。”设计师Jennifer Anderson承认，她花了一段时间才意识到，在创作中使用海狸鼠毛皮在道德上是可以接受的。她试图在nutria时装上贴上一个标签，以表明它是生态友好的。318 28.在新奥尔良和布鲁克林举行时装秀的目的是什么？ A.推广免罪皮草。B.扩大时尚市场。 C.介绍一个新品牌。D.庆祝寒假。 29.为什么科学家们关心营养素？ A.营养素严重破坏生态系统。B.营养素是濒危物种。 C.Nutria伤害了当地猫大小的动物。D.Nutria被非法猎杀。 30.第5段中带下划线的“塌陷”一词可能是什么意思？ A.繁荣。B.成熟。C.保持稳定。D.崩溃。 31.根据Morgan的说法，我们对在纽约穿皮草能推断出什么？ A.这是正式的。B.这有风险。C.这是有害的。D.这是传统的。

1 段译 一小群无人机能否保证铁路的安全性和可靠性，同时帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元？这是应用今天的“天空之眼”技术以确保全球数百万公里的铁轨和基础设施全天候安全的未来。

Can a small group of drones (无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? 句译 一小群无人机能否保证铁路的安全性和可靠性，同时帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元？ That is the very likely future of applying today's “eyes in the sky” technology to make sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure (基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis. 句译 这是应用今天的“天空之眼”技术以确保全球数百万公里的铁轨和基础设施全天候安全的未来。

2 段译 无人机已经被用于检查高压电线。他们可以做同样的事情来检查铁路线和铁路基础设施的其他重要方面，如铁轨和道岔的正确位置。越是定期检查，铁路的安全性、可靠性和准时性就越能得到提高。成本将被削减，运营将全面提高效率。

Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. 句译 无人机已经被用于检查高压电线。 They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points. 句译 他们可以做同样的事情来检查铁路线和铁路基础设施的其他重要方面，如铁轨和道岔的正确位置。 The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved. 句译 越是定期检查，铁路的安全性、可靠性和准时性就越能得到提高。 Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient (高效) across the board.句译 成本将被削减，运营将全面提高效率。

3 段译 这包括大幅节省维护成本和更好地保护铁路人员安全。据计算，仅欧洲铁路每年就花费约200亿欧元用于维护，包括派遣维护人员（通常在夜间）检查和修复铁路基础设施。这可能是一项危险的工作，无人机协助机组人员可以避免这项工作。

That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety.句译 这包括大幅节省维护成本和更好地保护铁路人员安全。 It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. 句译 据计算，仅欧洲铁路每年就花费约200亿欧元用于维护，包括派遣维护人员（通常在夜间）检查和修复铁路基础设施。 That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews' efforts. 句译 这可能是一项危险的工作，无人机协助机组人员可以避免这项工作。

4 段译 通过使用最新技术，无人机还可以开始为铁路提供更高价值的服务，在铁路或道岔出现故障之前检测出故障。为了执行这些任务，铁路无人机不需要在头顶上飞行。工程师们正在研究一个新概念：未来的轨道无人机。它们将在列车前方的轨道上移动，并被编程为自主运行。配备先进传感器和人工智能的超小型无人机可以像副驾驶一样引导列车。凭借他们的预见能力，他们可以发出任何问题的信号，以便快速行驶的列车能够及时做出反应。

By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems.句译 通过使用最新技术，无人机还可以开始为铁路提供更高价值的服务，在铁路或道岔出现故障之前检测出故障。 To perform these tasks, drones for rail don't need to be flying overhead.句译 为了执行这些任务，铁路无人机不需要在头顶上飞行。 Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. 句译 工程师们正在研究一个新概念：未来的轨道无人机。 They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. 句译 它们将在列车前方的轨道上移动，并被编程为自主运行。 Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot.句译 配备先进传感器和人工智能的超小型无人机可以像副驾驶一样引导列车。 With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time. 句译 凭借他们的预见能力，他们可以发出任何问题的信号，以便快速行驶的列车能够及时做出反应。

28. What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible?翻译 28.是什么使无人机在铁路线上的应用成为可能？

A. The use of drones in checking on power lines.翻译 使用无人机检查电线。

B. Drones' ability to work at high altitudes.翻译 无人机在高空工作的能力。

C. The reduction of cost in designing drones.翻译 无人机设计成本的降低。

D. Drones' reliable performance in remote areas.翻译 无人机在偏远地区的可靠性能。

29. What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?翻译 29.第3段中加下划线的“维持”指的是什么？

A. Personnel safety. 翻译 人员安全。

B. Assistance from drones.翻译 来自无人机的援助。

C. Inspection and repair.翻译 检查和修理

D. Construction of infrastructure. 翻译 基础设施建设。

30. What function is expected of the rail drones?翻译 30.轨道无人机的预期功能是什么？

A. To provide early warning. 翻译 提供早期预警。

B. To make trains run automatically.翻译 使列车自动运行。

C. To earn profits for the crews.翻译 为船员赚取利润。

D. To accelerate transportation.翻译 加速运输。

31 Which is the most suitable title for the text?翻译 31哪一个标题最适合这篇文章？

A. What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones翻译 无人机可以检测到哪些故障

B. How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded翻译 如何扩大无人机的生产

C. What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face翻译 无人机开发将面临哪些困难

D. How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways翻译 无人机将如何改变铁路的未来

答案 28.A 29.C 30.A 31.D   温馨提示：选项可点击，红色为错误选项，绿色为正确选项