原文For Canaan Elementary’s second grade in Patchogue, N.Y.，today is speech day, and right now it’s Chris Palaez’s turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking. But he’s nervous.＂I’m here to tell you today why you should … should…＂Chris trips on the＂-ld,＂a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support.＂…Vote for …me …＂Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion, Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him. A son of immigrants, Chris started learning English a little over three years ago. Whaley recalls（回想起）how at the beginning of the year, when called upon to read, Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom. Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. ＂It takes a lot for any student,＂ Whaley explains, ＂especially for a student who is learning English as their new language, to feel confident enough to say, ‘I don’t know，but I want to know.’＂ Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast（夸耀）about themselves. ＂Boasting about yourself, and your best qualities,＂ Whaley says, ＂is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.＂ 24. What made Chris nervous？ A. Telling a story. B. Making a speech. C. Taking a test. D. Answering a question. 25. What does the underlined word ＂stumbles＂ in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Improper pauses. B. Bad manners. C. Spelling mistakes. D. Silly jokes. 26. We can infer that the purpose of Whaley’s project is to _________. A. help students see their own strengths B. assess students’ public speaking skills C. prepare students for their future jobs D. inspire students’ love for politics 27. Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher? A. Humorous. B. Ambitious. C. Caring. D. Demanding.
译文对于位于纽约州帕乔格的迦南小学二年级学生来说，今天是演讲日，现在轮到克里斯·帕拉兹了。这个8岁的孩子是班上最爱开玩笑的。他有一双闪亮的黑眼睛，看起来像是那种喜欢公开演讲的孩子。 但他很紧张。”我今天在这里告诉你为什么你应该……应该……”克里斯在“-ld”上绊倒，这是许多非英语母语者的发音困难。他的老师托马斯·惠利（Thomas Whaley）就在他旁边，低声表示支持。”…投票给…我…”除了一些失误，克里斯做得非常好。当他给演讲画上一个圆满的句号时，惠利邀请全班同学表扬他。 作为移民之子，克里斯三年多前开始学习英语。惠利回忆说，在年初，当被要求阅读时，克里斯会原谅自己去洗手间。 学习英语作为第二语言可能是一种痛苦的经历。你需要的是一个让你犯错的好老师。”Whaley解释道：“任何学生都需要付出很多，尤其是对于一个正在学习英语作为新语言的学生来说，要有足够的信心说，‘我不知道，但我想知道。’” 惠利有一天让孩子们举手，如果他们认为自己永远不会成为总统，他就萌生了这个二年级总统竞选项目的想法。这个答案伤透了他的心。惠利说，这个项目不仅仅是学习在公共场合阅读和说话。他想让这些孩子学会吹嘘自己。 惠利说：“对于一个走进教室时没有自信的孩子来说，吹嘘自己和自己最好的品质是非常困难的。” 24.是什么让克里斯紧张 A.讲故事。B.发表演讲。 C.参加考试。D.回答问题。 25.第2段中带下划线的单词“绊倒”指的是什么？ A.暂停不当。B.不礼貌。C.拼写错误。D.愚蠢的笑话。 26.我们可以推断，Whaley项目的目的是_________。 A.帮助学生看到自己的优势 B.评估学生的公共演讲技能 C.让学生为将来的工作做好准备。D.激发学生对政治的热爱 27.以下哪一项最能描述惠利作为一名教师？ A.幽默 B.雄心勃勃。C.关爱 D.要求高的

1 段译 戈芬凤头鹦鹉是一种原产于澳大拉西亚的小型鹦鹉，已被证明与两岁的人类具有相似的形状识别能力。虽然不知道这些鸟在野外会使用工具，但事实证明，这些鸟在笼子里时很善于使用工具。在最近的一项实验中，凤头鹦鹉得到了一个盒子，盒子里有一个螺母。盒子的正面有一个几何形状的“钥匙孔”，给了凤头鹦鹉五个不同形状的“钥匙”供它们选择。插入正确的“钥匙”会使螺母松动。

Goffin’s cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. 句译 戈芬凤头鹦鹉是一种原产于澳大拉西亚的小型鹦鹉，已被证明与两岁的人类具有相似的形状识别能力。Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage.句译 虽然不知道这些鸟在野外会使用工具，但事实证明，这些鸟在笼子里时很善于使用工具。 In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it.句译 在最近的一项实验中，凤头鹦鹉得到了一个盒子，盒子里有一个螺母。 The clear front of the box had a “keyhole” in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose from.句译 盒子的正面有一个几何形状的“钥匙孔”，给了凤头鹦鹉五个不同形状的“钥匙”供它们选择。 Inserting the correct “key” would let out the nut.句译 插入正确的“钥匙”会使螺母松动。

2 段译 在人类身上，婴儿从一岁左右就可以把圆形放在圆孔里，但他们还需要一年的时间才能用不太对称的形状做同样的事情。这种识别形状在适合之前需要朝特定方向转动的能力被称为“异中心参照系”。在实验中，戈芬的凤头鹦鹉能够在大多数情况下仅通过视觉识别来选择合适的工具。在反复试验的情况下，在类似的测试中，凤头鹦鹉比猴子做得更好。这表明，戈芬的凤头鹦鹉在太空中移动物体时，确实具有异中心参照系，类似于两岁的婴儿。

In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes. 句译 在人类身上，婴儿从一岁左右就可以把圆形放在圆孔里，但他们还需要一年的时间才能用不太对称的形状做同样的事情。This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an “allocentric frame of reference”. 句译 这种识别形状在适合之前需要朝特定方向转动的能力被称为“异中心参照系”。In the experiment, Goffin’s cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone.句译 在实验中，戈芬的凤头鹦鹉能够在大多数情况下仅通过视觉识别来选择合适的工具。 Where trial-and-error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests.句译 在反复试验的情况下，在类似的测试中，凤头鹦鹉比猴子做得更好。 This indicates that Goffin’s cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two-year-old babies.句译 这表明，戈芬的凤头鹦鹉在太空中移动物体时，确实具有异中心参照系，类似于两岁的婴儿。

3 段译 根据研究人员的说法，下一步是试图弄清楚凤头鹦鹉是否完全依赖视觉线索，或者在选择形状时也使用触觉。

The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues (线索), or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections. 句译 根据研究人员的说法，下一步是试图弄清楚凤头鹦鹉是否完全依赖视觉线索，或者在选择形状时也使用触觉。

24. How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment?翻译 24.在实验中，凤头鹦鹉是如何从盒子里得到坚果的？

A. By following instructions.翻译 按照说明进行。

B. By using a tool.翻译 通过使用工具。

C. By turning the box around.翻译 把盒子转过来。

D. By removing the lid.翻译 取下盖子。

25. Which task can human one-year-olds most likely complete according to the text?翻译 25.根据文本，一岁的人类最有可能完成哪项任务？

A. Using a key to unlock a door. 翻译 用钥匙开门。

B. Telling parrots from other birds.翻译 区分鹦鹉和其他鸟类。

C. Putting a ball into a round hole. 翻译 把球打进一个圆孔。

D. Grouping toys of different shapes.翻译 将不同形状的玩具分组。

26. What does the follow-up test aim to find out about the cockatoos?翻译 26.后续测试的目的是了解凤头鹦鹉的情况？

A. How far they are able to see. 翻译 他们能看到多远。

B. How they track moving objects.翻译 它们如何跟踪移动的对象。

C. Whether they are smarter than monkeys.翻译 它们是否比猴子聪明。

D. Whether they use a sense of touch in the test.翻译 他们是否在测试中使用触觉。

27. Which can be a suitable title for the text?翻译 27.哪一个标题适合这篇文章？

A. Cockatoos: Quick Error Checkers翻译 凤头鹦鹉：快速错误检查

B. Cockatoos: Independent Learners翻译 凤头鹦鹉：独立学习者

C. Cockatoos: Clever Signal-Readers翻译 凤头鹦鹉：聪明的信号阅读器

D. Cockatoos: Skillful Shape-Sorters翻译 凤头鹦鹉：巧妙的形状分类器

答案 24.B 25.C 26.D 27.D   温馨提示：选项可点击，红色为错误选项，绿色为正确选项