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We may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices (装置) well after they go out of style. That's bad news for the environment ﹣ and our wallets ﹣ as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.
To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life ﹣ from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box﹣set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones,and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e﹣readers showed up in 2007.
As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn't throw out our old ones. "The living﹣room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids' room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house," said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We're not just keeping these old devices﹣ we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt's team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions (排放) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.
So what's the solution(解决方案)?The team's data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on﹣demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.
(1)What does the author think of new devices?
A. They are environment﹣friendly. B. They are no better than the old.
C. They cost more to use at home. D. They go out of style quickly.
(2)Why did Babbitt's team conduct the research?
A.To reduce the cost of minerals. B.To test the life cycle of a product.
C.To update consumers on new technology. D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.
(3)Which of the following uses the least energy?
A. The box﹣set TV. B. The tablet.C. The LCD TV. D. The desktop computer.
(4)What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?
A. Stop using them. B. Take them apart. C. Upgrade them. D. Recycle them.
译文我们可能会认为,我们是一种一看到闪亮的新东西就抛弃旧技术的文化,但一项新的研究表明,在旧设备过时后,我们会一直使用它们。这对环境和我们的钱包来说都是坏消息,因为这些过时的设备比做同样事情的新设备消耗更多的能量。
为了弄清楚这些设备的耗电量,纽约罗切斯特理工学院的Callie Babbitt和她的同事追踪了每种产品在其整个生命周期中的环境成本,从开采矿物到我们停止使用该设备。这种方法提供了自20世纪90年代初以来家庭能源使用的演变情况。设备按代分组。台式电脑、基本手机和盒式电视定义于1992年。数码相机于1997年出现。MP3播放器、智能手机和液晶电视于2002年进入家庭,平板电脑和电子阅读器于2007年出现。
然而,随着我们积累了更多的设备,我们并没有扔掉旧的。一位研究人员说:“客厅的电视被替换掉,放在孩子们的房间里,突然有一天,你的每个房间都有一台电视。”电子设备的平均数量从1992年的每户4台增加到2007年的13台。我们不仅保留了这些旧设备,还继续使用它们。根据巴比特团队的分析,老式台式显示器和带阴极射线管的箱式电视是最糟糕的设备,其能耗和温室气体排放量在1992年至2007年期间翻了一番多。
那么,解决方案是什么呢?该团队的数据只追溯到2007年,但研究人员还探讨了如果消费者用提供多种功能的新电子产品取代旧产品,比如文字处理和电视观看的平板电脑,会发生什么。他们发现,在平板电脑上而不是电视和台式电脑上观看更多点播娱乐节目,可以减少44%的能源消耗。
(1) 作者对新设备有何看法
A.它们对环境友好。B.它们并不比旧的好。
C.它们在家里使用成本更高。D.它们很快就过时了。
(2) 巴比特的团队为什么要进行这项研究
A.降低矿物成本。B.测试产品的生命周期。
C.向消费者介绍最新技术。D.了解设备的耗电量。
(3) 以下哪项使用的能量最少
A.盒子里的电视机。B.平板电脑。C.液晶电视。D.台式电脑。
(4) 文本建议人们如何处理旧的电子设备
A.停止使用它们。B.拆开它们。C.升级它们。D.回收它们。
1 段译 20世纪60年代初的某个时候,澳大利亚悉尼发生了一件大事。这座城市发现了自己的港湾。然后,悉尼一个接一个地发现了很多东西——宽阔的公园、一流的海滩和文化多样的人口。但正是港口造就了这座城市。
Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. 句译 20世纪60年代初的某个时候,澳大利亚悉尼发生了一件大事。Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there — broad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse population.句译 这座城市发现了自己的港湾。然后,悉尼一个接一个地发现了很多东西——宽阔的公园、一流的海滩和文化多样的人口。 But it is the harbor that makes the city.句译 但正是港口造就了这座城市。
2 段译 安德鲁·雷诺兹(Andrew Reynolds)是一个30出头的快乐小伙子,以驾驶悉尼渡船为生。我花了一上午的时间在港口来回穿梭。第三次跑步后,安德鲁关掉了引擎,我们分道扬镳——他午休了,我去探索这座城市。
Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. 句译 安德鲁·雷诺兹(Andrew Reynolds)是一个30出头的快乐小伙子,以驾驶悉尼渡船为生。I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. 句译 我花了一上午的时间在港口来回穿梭。After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went our separate ways — he for a lunch break, I to explore the city. 句译 第三次跑步后,安德鲁关掉了引擎,我们分道扬镳——他午休了,我去探索这座城市。
3 段译 “我会想念这些老船的,”我们分手时他说。
“I’ll miss these old boats,” he said as we parted.句译 “我会想念这些老船的,”我们分手时他说。
“How do you mean?” I asked.句译 “你是什么意思?”我问道。
5 段译 “哦,他们正在用双体船取代它们。双体船更快,但它们不那么优雅,驾驶起来也不好玩。但我想这就是进步。”
“Oh, they’re replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so elegant, and they’re not fun to pilot.句译 “哦,他们正在用双体船取代它们。双体船更快,但它们不那么优雅,驾驶起来也不好玩。 But that’s progress, I guess.”句译 但我想这就是进步。”
6 段译 如今,在悉尼的每一个地方,变革和进步都是口号,传统也越来越罕见。悉尼的官方历史学家Shirley Fitzgerald告诉我,在20世纪70年代悉尼走向现代化的过程中,悉尼抛弃了大部分过去,包括许多最好的建筑。“悉尼对自己感到困惑,”她说。“我们似乎无法决定是想要一个现代化的城市还是一个传统的城市。这是一个我们没有更好地解决的冲突。”
Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress are the watchwords (口号), and traditions are increasingly rare.句译 如今,在悉尼的每一个地方,变革和进步都是口号,传统也越来越罕见。 Shirley Fitzgerald, the city’s official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. 句译 悉尼的官方历史学家Shirley Fitzgerald告诉我,在20世纪70年代悉尼走向现代化的过程中,悉尼抛弃了大部分过去,包括许多最好的建筑。“Sydney is confused about itself,” she said. 句译 “悉尼对自己感到困惑,”她说。“We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. 句译 “我们似乎无法决定是想要一个现代化的城市还是一个传统的城市。It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any better at resolving (解决).” 句译 这是一个我们没有更好地解决的冲突。”
7 段译 另一方面,同时年轻和年老也有其吸引力。当我遇到一个名叫安东尼的有思想的年轻商人时,我就考虑到了这一点。“很多人说我们国家缺乏文化,”他告诉我,“人们忘记的是,当意大利人来到澳大利亚时,他们带来了2000年的文化,希腊人带来了3000年的文化。我们有一个建立在古代文化基础上的基础,但有一个年轻国家的动力和活力。这是一个很难击败的组合。”
On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions.句译 另一方面,同时年轻和年老也有其吸引力。 I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony.句译 当我遇到一个名叫安东尼的有思想的年轻商人时,我就考虑到了这一点。 “Many people say that we lack culture in this country,” he told me.句译 “很多人说我们国家。 “What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3000 years, and the Chinese more still. 句译 “很多人说我们国家缺乏文化,”他告诉我,“人们忘记的是,当意大利人来到澳大利亚时,他们带来了2000年的文化,希腊人带来了3000年的文化。We’ve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country.句译 我们有一个建立在古代文化基础上的基础,但有一个年轻国家的动力和活力 It’s a pretty hard combination to beat.” 句译 这是一个很难击败的组合。”
He is right, but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries.句译 他是对的,但我忍不住希望他们能保留那些旧渡船。
32. What is the first paragraph mainly about?翻译 32.第一段主要讲什么?
A. Sydney’s striking architecture.翻译 悉尼引人注目的建筑。
B. The cultural diversity of Sydney.翻译 悉尼的文化多样性。
C. The key to Sydney’s development.翻译 悉尼发展的关键。
D. Sydney’s tourist attractions in the 1960s.翻译 20世纪60年代悉尼的旅游景点。
33. What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds?翻译 33.关于安德鲁·雷诺兹,我们能学到什么?
A. He goes to work by boat. 翻译 他坐船去上班。
B. He looks forward to a new life.翻译 他期待着新的生活。
C. He pilots catamarans well.翻译 他驾驶双体船很好。
D. He is attached to the old ferries.翻译 他对旧渡船情有独钟。
34. What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney?翻译 34.雪莉·菲茨杰拉德觉得悉尼怎么样?
A. It is losing its traditions.翻译 它正在失去它的传统。
B. It should speed up its progress.翻译 它应该加快进度。
C. It should expand its population.翻译 它应该扩大人口。
D. It is becoming more international.翻译 它正变得越来越国际化。
35 Which statement will the author probably agree with?翻译 35提交人可能同意哪种说法?
A. A city can be young and old at the same time.翻译 一个城市既可以年轻也可以年老。
B. A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.翻译 建立在古代文化基础上的城市更有活力。
C. Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.翻译 现代性通常是以优雅为代价的。
D. Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.翻译 本地和外国之间应该做出妥协。
答案 32.C 33.D 34.A 35.A 温馨提示:选项可点击,红色为错误选项,绿色为正确选项